What is Dengue fever?
Dengue fever, otherwise known breakbone fever, is transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. In contrast to the malaria mosquito, this insect is also active during the day and in cities. Dengue fever does not usually present a serious health risk and the symptoms are fever, skin rash and headache. In rare cases, it can however be life-threatening. This only happens when the disease is contracted for the second, third or fourth time. There is no vaccination for Dengue fever, so it is important to protect yourself from mosquito bites by taking measures to repel mosquitoes.
What is DTP?
Diphtheria (infectious throat infection) is transmitted through the coughs and sneezes of patients who have the disease or by healthy people who carry the disease. Tetanus is caused by the Clostridium tetani bacteria, which is found in soil, and can cause an infection when contracted through wounds or cuts. Polio (infantile paralysis) is caused by a virus that is found in the stools of sick or convalescing people and that enters the environment, for example, in drinking water. The DTP vaccine is advised for almost every country and one vaccination provides protection for ten years, provided that you were immunised as a child. If you were not immunised as a child, you should go for vaccinations four to six weeks before your departure date, as multiple vaccinations will be required
What is Hepatitis A?
Inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus. Infection occurs easily through consumption of contaminated water or food. Protection is possible through vaccination. Two vaccinations within one year provide at least 25 years of protection. Travellers are advised to be vaccinated against this disease for a great number of countries, including Turkey and Egypt.
What is Hepatitis B?
As with hepatitis A, this is a virus that causes inflammation of the liver. Infection occurs through blood contact or unprotected sexual activity. Around 400 million people are infected across the world. Many sufferers develop cancer of the liver in due course. Vaccination based on a schedule offers protection for ten years. Travellers are increasingly advised to have the hepatitis B vaccination. There is also a combination vaccine against hepatitis A and B.
What is Schistosomiasis?
A species of worm (Bilharzia) that is found at the surface of fresh stagnant water
What is TBC?
Tuberculosis risk
What is Traveler's Diarrhea?
Avoid stomach and intestinal infections by being critical about what you eat and drink. No ice cubes and ensure that any bottles you drink from are opened in your presence. Be careful with salads and try to avoid eating anything from roadside stalls. Ensure that food is heated well before consumption. An oral rehydration solution (ORS) can be an effective treatment for diarrhoea.
